It’s easy to be overwhelmed by the number of workflows that are available for NGS. While cost and turnaround time are important considerations, the most import question is What are you trying to learn about your samples? Here, we provide an overview of three general categories of NGS workflows and the types of information that each provides: whole-genome sequencing (WGS, also known as full-genome sequencing or genome-wide sequencing), whole-exome sequencing (WES), and target enrichment using panels that capture other genomic regions.